In the automatic control of modern factories, the regulating valve plays a very important role. The production of these factories depends on the correct distribution and control of the flowing medium. These controls, whether energy exchange, pressure reduction, or simple container feeding, require some final control element to perform.
The regulator acts as a variable resistance in the pipeline. It changes the turbulence of the process fluid or provides a pressure drop in laminar flow conditions caused by changing valve resistance or "friction". This pressure reduction process is often referred to as throttling. For gases, it is close to an isothermal adiabatic state, with the deviation depending on the degree to which the gas is not ideal (the Joule-Thomson effect). In the case of liquids, the pressure is consumed by turbulence or viscous friction, both of which convert the pressure to heat energy, resulting in a slight increase in temperature.
A common control loop consists of three main parts. The first part is the sensing element, which is usually a transmitter. It is a device that can be used to measure the process parameters to be adjusted, such as pressure, liquid level or temperature. The output of the transmitter is fed to the regulator, the regulator, which determines and measures the deviation between the given or expected value and the actual value of the process parameters and, one by one, sends the correction signal to the final control element, the regulator. The valve changes the flow rate of the fluid to the desired process parameters.
Regulating valve belongs to the control valve series, the main role is to adjust the pressure, flow, temperature and other parameters of the medium, is the final control element in the process loop.
